总结
如果遵循合理的指导方法,圣经中的很多预言都是可以理解的。这些方法包括:从理解预言的字面意思入手;运用甄别和解读修辞性语言的指导方法;留意可能的复指或分指的时间特性。
既然已经较为详细地考察了有助于诠释圣经中大量存在的预言的指导方法,我们有必要再次强调起初陈述的目标。尚未应验的预言,其主要目的是规范我们今天的思想和行为。因此,我们在诠释过程中,应当将注意力集中在发现圣灵到底希望读者对该预言有怎样的回应上。如果基督说福音先要被传遍世界,然后末日才会到来,争执未来事件发生的顺序有什么益处呢?学习新约中大量有关传福音的经文,参与基督指定给我们的工作,岂不更有益处吗?当基督再临时,无论是活着还是死了的人,都要分享他的荣耀(帖前 4:16—17),这个事实是要给我们极大的安慰,而不是让我们为了事件发生顺序的精确划分而分裂。
预言的另一个目的,就是借着它的应验建立信心,这是我们要勤奋学习预言的另一个原因。那些已经被应验的预言应该增强基督徒的信心,挑战非信徒的怀疑。尚未被应验的预言应当被确认,特别是它们总体、明确的轮廓,以便当事件本身展现时,我们的信心能够被建立,以顺服回应其教导。
推荐阅读书目
概览
Blaising, C. A., ed., Three Views on the Millennium and Beyond. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1999.
Clouse, R. G., ed. The Meaning of the Millennium: Four Views. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 1977.(柯楼士著,《千禧年四观》,中华福音神学院)
Erickson, Millard. Contempoary Options in Eschatology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1977.
Grenz, S. J. The Millennial Maze. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 1992.
Ludwigson, Raymond. A Survey of Bible Prophecy. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1973.
Reiter, R., P. D. Feinberg, G. L. Archer, and D. J. Moo. The Rapture and the Tribulation. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984.(亚彻等著,《被提—灾前、灾中或灾后》,中华福音神学院)
Sproul, R. C. The Last Days According to Jesus. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1998.
圣经文本综述
Beiderwold, William E. The Second Coming Bible. Reprint; Grand Rapids: Baker, 1977.
Payne, J. Barton. Encyclopedia of Biblical Prophecy. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980.
前千禧年观
Erickson, M. J. A Basic Guide to Eschatology. Rev. ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1999.
Feinberg, Charles L. Millennialism. Rev. ed. Chicago: Moody, 1980.
Kaiser, Walter C. Back Toward the Future. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1989.
Ladd, George Eldon. The Blessed Hope. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1956.
无千禧年观
Adams, Jay. The Time is at Hand. Nutley, N. J.: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1970.
Hokema, Anthony A. The Bible and the Future. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979.
Wyngaardern, M. J. The Future of the Kingdom in Prophecy and Fulfillment. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1955.
后千禧年观
Boettner, Lorraine. The Millennium. Phillipsburg, N. J.: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1957.
Gentry, Kenneth L. He Shall Have Dominion. Tyler, Tex.: Institute for Christian Economics, 1992.
Kik, J. Marcellus. An Eschatology of Victory. Phillipsburg, New Jersey: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1971.
Rushdoony, Rousas John. God’s Plan for Victory. A Chalcedon Study. Fairfax, Virginia: Thoburn Press, 1980.
特殊主题
Boyer, Paul. When Time Shall Be No More: Prophecy Belief in Modern American Culture. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, 1992.
Collins, J. J., ed. The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism. 3 vols. New York: Continuum, 1998.
Green, J. B. How to Read Prophecy. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 1984.
Hengstenberg, E. W. Christology of the Old Testament. 2 vols. 1858; reprint, Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1970.
Morris, Leon. Apocalyptic. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977.
Petersen, L. The Prophetic Literature. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2002.
Porter, Stanley E. The Messiah in the Old and New Testaments. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2007.
Sandy, D. B. Plowshares and Pruning Hooks. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 2002.
Seitz, Christopher R. Prophecy and Hermeneutics. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007.
Sweeney, Marvin A. The Prophetic Literature. Nashville: Abingdon, 2005.